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Cadaveric dissection was completed on a 62-year-old female with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and pancytopenia. The liver and spleen were enlarged; samples taken for histological processing and staining revealed infiltration of numerous abnormal leukemic cells. Due to the aggressive nature of AML and high risk of relapse, post-remission therapies (chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation) are used to eliminate residual malignant cells. However, since these therapies may not be viable options for older patients, our discussion highlights alternative therapies targeting isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations, commonly seen in AML, and their use in older adults to prevent relapse after initial induction therapy.
This cadaveric case study examines an 84-year-old female with a brain mass identified as a primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), discussing its epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. PCNSL is a rare, aggressive lymphoma that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals, the elderly, and males. Diagnosis involves MRI or CT imaging, tumor biopsy, and lumbar puncture. Symptoms include cognitive changes, seizures, incoordination, headaches, papilledema, weight loss, and fever. While the etiology remains unclear, preventive measures include a healthy lifestyle, regular check-ups, and managing immunosuppressive therapy. Raising awareness of at-risk populations can help improve early diagnosis and intervention.
