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Over the past few decades in the US, opioids, despite their limited effectiveness for long-term pain management and addictive nature, were commonly prescribed for acute and chronic non-cancer pain. This has contributed to a significant public health crisis in which overdose deaths have surged. The current study analyzed National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) data from 2010-2019 to assess the association between chronic pain diagnoses and visits with an opioid, while also considering factors like visit demographics and characteristics. Chronic pain visits had higher odds of receiving opioids, suggesting opioid use from 2010-2019 contradicted current guidelines, emphasizing the guidelines’ importance.
I am a second-year PA student in Campbell’s dual Master of Clinical Research and Master of Physician Assistant Practice program. Our research examines opioid prescribing trends for chronic pain using National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) data from 2010-2019. I am passionate... Read More →
Research suggests mental health challenges escalated during the COVID-19 pandemic, posing historic public health concerns. This study evaluated the pandemic’s impact on anxiety and depression among U.S. adults from 2019 through 2022 via the National Health Interview Survey. Understanding the prevalence and factors influencing these conditions is essential to address resource allocation, treatment strategies, and preventive interventions. Suitable for clinicians, researchers, and policymakers.
This study examined fibromyalgia diagnosis trends and associated comorbidities using NAMCS data from 2010-2019, evaluating changes as the American College of Rheumatology's criteria evolved from 1990 to 2016. FM diagnosis increased after the 2010 criteria but decreased significantly following the 2016 revisions. Rheumatoid arthritis (OR 5.51, 95% CI 2.87-10.58) and depression (OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.90-3.58) were strongly associated with fibromyalgia diagnosis, while other comorbidities had minimal associations. The fluctuation in diagnosis post-2016 criteria suggests current criteria may not accurately capture fibromyalgia's complexity, highlighting rheumatoid arthritis and depression as key comorbidities in fibromyalgia diagnosis.
This study sought to assess the relationship between receiving education (on diabetes, exercise, weight reduction, diet/nutrition) and patient characteristics among adults with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study using data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (2012-2019). Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate available predictors of interest on each type of education received. No racial/ethnic disparities were identified. Disparities in patient education for rural areas, visits to a specialist, and smokers highlight the necessity of targeted interventions to improve education access. The poster will provide complete study findings, conclusions and a discussion.
Montelukast, approved by the FDA in 1998, is a widely prescribed leukotriene receptor antagonist for asthma, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, and allergic rhinitis. Concerns about its neuropsychiatric side effects prompted several FDA labeling updates, including an update to the patient and prescribing information to include several post-marketing adverse events including depression, suicidality, and anxiety in 2007, an update to the “precautions” of drug’s prescribing information in 2009, ultimately a Black Box Warning in 2020. This study aimed to analyze prescribing trends of montelukast before and after FDA safety warnings using data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) for 2003–2019.
This observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study included outpatient visits for patients aged two years and older with respiratory complaints. This study was deemed not human subject research by the Campbell University Institutional Review Board due to the nature of the publicly available de-identified database. The primary outcome was the proportion of visits with montelukast. The primary predictor compared two periods: 2003–2007 (pre-warning) and 2008–2019 (post-warning). Secondary and tertiary analyses assessed prescribing trends and the association of demographic and clinical factors available in the dataset with montelukast use. Statistical methods included a plot of the proportion of visits with montelukast by year and a multivariable logistic regression model (MLRM).
Findings showed a slight decline in montelukast prescribing, from 5.3% of visits in 2003–2007 to 4.4% in 2008–2019 (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.70–1.14, from the MLRM after adjusting for covariates). The plot of the annual proportion of visits with montelukast revealed a slight decline in prescribing over time, with a significant drop in prescribing after 2007, coinciding with updated FDA safety information. The MLRM provided no evidence of significant predictors or the identification of disparities between groups/levels of demographic variables.
The findings suggest that FDA safety communications and the introduction of alternative therapies may have influenced prescribing practices.
